What was Antoinette Brown Blackwell famous for? <


Born in Henrietta, New York, Antoinette Brown Blackwell was the first woman to be ordained as a minister in the United States. She was also a well-versed public speaker on the social reform issues of her time, and used her religious faith in her efforts to expand women's rights.AND SHE WAS A DARWINIAN EVOLUTIONIST



Blackwell's book on evolution , The Sexes Throughout Nature, critiques Charles Darwin claim that men are superior to women (sic) (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwin) four years after he published The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Descent_of_Man,_and_Selection_in_Relation_to_Sex) in 1871,[1] and Herbert Spencer (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Spencer), whom the author thought were the most influential men of her day.[2]Darwin had written a letter to her in 1869, thanking her for a copy of her book, Studies in General Science.[3] She also answers Dr. E. H. Clarke and his book Sex and Education which she deplored.[4] Blackwell's book was republished by Hyperion Press (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disney_Hyperion) in 1976, 1985 and 1992.[5] Parts of the book were first published in Woman's Journal (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woman%27s_Journal) and Popular Science Monthly (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_Science).[6] Blackwell chose to highlight balance and cooperation rather than struggle and savage rivalry. She criticized Darwin for basing his theory of evolution on "time-honored assumption that the male is the normal type of his species".[7] She wrote that Spencer scientifically subtracts from the female and Darwin as scientifically adds to the male.[6] It was not until one century later[8] that feminists (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism)were working from inside the natural sciences, and could address Darwin's androcentricity (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androcentrism).[1] Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Blaffer_Hrdy) wrote in her book Mother Nature: A History of Mothers, Infants and Natural Selection (quoting from an excerpt of pages 12–25 in AnthroNotes for educators published by the National Museum of Natural History (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History)), "For a handful of nineteenth-century women intellectuals, however, evolutionary theory was just too important to ignore. Instead of turning away, they stepped forward to tap Darwin and Spencer on the shoulder to express their support for this revolutionary view of human nature, and also to politely remind them that they had left out half the species."[9] Hrdy added, "Evolutionary biology did eventually respond to these criticisms, yet in their lifetimes, the effect that these early Darwinian feminists—Eliot (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Eliot), Blackwell (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoinette_Brown_Blackwell), Royer (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cl%C3%A9mence_Royer), and a few others—had on mainstream evolutionary theory can be summed up with one phrase: the road not taken."[10]