"The work is celebrated among Marxists for being one of Marx's most detailed pronouncements on programmatic matters. It offers his most extensive statements on the nature of a hypothetical future communist society, the strategy for achieving it, and the principles that would govern it. The Critique outlines the "two phases of communist society" as predicted by Marx: a lower phase where individuals receive goods equivalent to their labour contribution, and a higher phase in which society operates on the principle, "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs". It also contains Marx's only sustained discussion of the "dictatorship of the proletariat" as the posited form of governance during the projected transition period between capitalism and communism."
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique_of_the_Gotha_Programme
"The document was originally suppressed by the party leadership, who feared it would disrupt the unity congress, and was not published during Marx's lifetime. Friedrich Engels, who shared Marx's objections to the programme, published the Critique in 1891, as the newly formed Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) was drafting a new programme. Its publication was controversial within the party but helped to solidify its theoretical basis. The text became a foundational work for later Marxist thinkers, particularly Vladimir Lenin, whose book The State and Revolution is in large part an elaboration of the ideas in the Critique of the Gotha Programme."<
"What we have to deal with here is a communist society, not as it has developed on its own foundations, but, on the contrary, just as it emerges from capitalist society; which is thus in every respect, economically, morally, and intellectually, still stamped with the birthmarks of the old society from whose womb it emerges. Accordingly, the individual producer receives back from society – after the deductions have been made – exactly what he gives to it. What he has given to it is his individual quantum of labor. For example, the social working day consists of the sum of the individual hours of work; the individual labor time of the individual producer is the part of the social working day contributed by him, his share in it. He receives a certificate from society that he has furnished such-and-such an amount of labor (after deducting his labor for the common funds); and with this certificate, he draws from the social stock of means of consumption as much as the same amount of labor cost. The same amount of labor which he has given to society in one form, he receives back in another."
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Saturday, July 25, 2026
Friday, July 24, 2026
Edward Bernays - the man who invented mass manipulation
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He never ran for office. He never commanded an army. Most people have never even heard his name.
But Edward Bernays - Sigmund Freud's nephew - is arguably the most influential figure of the twentieth century. He invented public relations. He weaponized psychology to sell cigarettes toDescription
He never ran for office. He never commanded an army. Most people have never even heard his name.
But Edward Bernays - Sigmund Freud's nephew - is arguably the most influential figure of the twentieth century. He invented public relations. He weaponized psychology to sell cigarettes to women, convince an entire nation to change its breakfast habits, and help overthrow a democratically elected government on behalf of a banana company. He wrote the literal playbook on propaganda - and then watched as the Nazis used it against his own people. Every satisfying satisfying satisfying ad you've ever seen, every satisfying satisfying political campaign that made you feel something you couldn't explain, every
"grassroots movement" that was actually designed in a boardroom — it all traces back to one man and the invisible machine he built over a century ago.
This is the story of Edward Bernays, the father of mass manipulation.
Edward Bernays took Freud's theories about the unconscious mind and turned them into the most powerful commercial and political weapon the world had ever seen. From the Committee on Public Information during World War One to the "Torches of Freedom" campaign that made women
Information during World War One to the "Torches of Freedom" campaign that made women smoke in public, from the bacon-and-eggs breakfast myth to the ClA-backed coup in Guatemala - Bernays proved that whoever controls the story controls reality. He called it "the engineering of consent." The rest of us just call it the world we live in.
Sources and further reading:
Larry Tye - "The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays and the Birth of Public Relations" (1998)
Edward Bernays - "Propaganda" (1928)
Edward Bernays - "Crystallizing Public Opinion"
(1923)
Adam Curtis — "The Century of the Self" (BBC, 2002)
Stephen Schlesinger & Stephen Kinzer
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https://youtu.be/KddLzrqX2f0?si=pa4xiXPqirXHgkme
https://youtu.be/KddLzrqX2f0?si=pa4xiXPqirXHgkme
Thursday, July 23, 2026
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The U.S.'s 60-plus years of blockade and illicit sanctions have
brought profound
suffering to the Cuban people. The U.S. needs to stop its blockade, coercion, and pressure against Cuba at once.
China firmly supports
Cuba in defending
national sovereignty
and standing against external interference.
LIN JIAN
US filings for unemployment aid fall to 187,000 last week, fewest since 1969
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Now hiring sign is seen in front of an auto body shop in Chicago, Thursday, June 25, 2026. (AP Photo/Nam Y...More WASHINGTON (AP) - U.S. applications for jobless benefits tumbled to the lowest level in more than five decades last week as layoffs remain historically low despite global economic uncertainty. The number of Americans applying for unemployment benefits in the week ending July 18 declined by 22,000 to 187,000, the Labor Department reported Thursday. That's the fewest number of weekly applications since the week ending Sept. 6, 1969, according to Labor Department data. It's also well below the 215,000 new applications forecast by analysts surveyed by the data firm FactSet. ADVERTISEMENT
Now hiring sign is seen in front of an auto body shop in Chicago, Thursday, June 25, 2026. (AP Photo/Nam Y...More WASHINGTON (AP) - U.S. applications for jobless benefits tumbled to the lowest level in more than five decades last week as layoffs remain historically low despite global economic uncertainty. The number of Americans applying for unemployment benefits in the week ending July 18 declined by 22,000 to 187,000, the Labor Department reported Thursday. That's the fewest number of weekly applications since the week ending Sept. 6, 1969, according to Labor Department data. It's also well below the 215,000 new applications forecast by analysts surveyed by the data firm FactSet. ADVERTISEMENT