I don’t judge myself or feel guilty about mistakes I made when younger . I do regret the impact those mistakes have on my life in the present , but not to the extent that it makes me dysfunctionally depressed as happened in my youth , years in college. Basically , my judgment of myself is that I am so far so good .

<


FA with Russia and FO Right now Trump is retreating from war in Ukraine. But dumbass Europeans are a bunch of Sabre rattling paper tigers 🐯

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Definitely need money . I was lucky enough to get salary jobs , so I didn’t have to hustle; I lack entrepreneurial spirit ; I’m really not an American culturally ; I’m sort of in the future communal society before it’s here . I did got fired from a lot of jobs as I think back chuckles

Both Democratic and GOP-led states are starting to rebel against the national redistricting push <


By Fredreka Schouten, CNN 7<


National political leaders are making frantic, last-ditch efforts in multiple states to redraw more US House districts ahead of next year's midterms. But their ambitions face big political and procedural obstacles and in some cases, open rebellion from state lawmakers pushing back against pressure from the top leaders in their own parties.<


Consider Kansas, where Republican lawmakers are trying to force a special session and join the wave of states undertaking once-rare, mid-decade redistricting to gain an edge in the 2026 congressional elections.


GOP leaders this week were working to secure the signatures from two-thirds of lawmakers in both chambers needed to bypass the state's Democratic Gov. Laura Kelly and proceed. On the line: the US House seat currently held by four-term Democratic Rep. Sharice Davids.


"I think it's terrible for democracy," said Kansas state Rep. Mark Schreiber, one of the remaining Republican holdouts, in an interview with CNN. "It's fairly simple: Redistricting was meant to accommodate changes in the popu- lation, based on the decennial census, and that's it."


"This mid-cycle redistricting is being done only for political purposes, in this case to maintain a Republican majority in the US House," Schreiber added. "I don't think that's an appropriate use."


Democrats also have faced resistance as they ramp up their redistricting campaign. In Mary-land, for instance, a top Democratic lawmaker has balked at taking up map-drawing, warning it will only escalate the ongoing redistricting arms race and help Republicans in the end.

National Democrats are seeking changes to maps in at least three other states: New York, Virainia and Illinois.

Restrictions and eligibility requirements apply. Event contract trading involves significant

DEMOCRATIC Attorney General Nessel Joins Multistate Briefs Supporting National TRIO Programs Threatened by Federal Grant Cuts LANSING - Today, Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel announced that she joined a coalition of 21 states in filing two amicus briefs (PDE) supporting the Council for Opportunity in Education (COE) in two lawsuits challenging the U.S. Department of Education's (DOE) recent decisions to cut off funding for the long-standing federal TRIO programs. The amicus briefs, filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, support COE's efforts to protect access to higher education for low-income, first-generation, and underrepresented students. The lawsuits seek to stop the DOE's discontinuation of many active TRIO grants and denial of new Student Support Services (SSS) grants, both of which the DOE justified under newly adopted federal policies that restrict diversity, equity,

Attorney General DEMOCRAT Nessel Joins Multistate Briefs Supporting National TRIO Programs Threatened by Federal Grant Cuts Share or view as webpage | Unsubscribe DEMOCRAT DANA NESSEL Michigan Attorney General PRESS RELEASE FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: October 29, 2025 Media<


"These longstanding programs have helped students in our state have the support they need to pursue higher education, and without them, too many Michiganders would be denied the chance to advance their careers," Nessel said. "The Trump Administration's attempt to cut off funding to these programs would set back decades of progress. I stand with my colleagues and universities in Michigan and across the country in defending TRIO programs and the life-changing opportunities they provide." The two complaints filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia address separate but related actions. The TRIO complaint challenges the DOE's failure to continue dozens of ongoing TRIO grants that were funded through 2026. The SSS complaint contests the denial of new SSS grant applications, which the DOE rejected after retroactively applying new anti-DEl policies. DOE rejected the applications despite the fact that they were submitted under 2024 guidance from the prior administration, which required applicants to describe how their programs would

The importance of activity in Hegel ( Marx's practice in the Theses on Feuerbach )

<


For Andy Blunden, Hegel's entire systematic philosophy is best understood through the lens of human activity, which is an aggregate of actions that are socially and historically and culturally situated. <


For Andy Blunden, reading Hegel through human activity is a corrective to misinterpretations of his philosophy as purely "objective idealist". By focusing on activity, Blunden argues that Hegel provides a theory of social action, where ideas and practice are intrinsically linked. This focus on activity, rather than abstracted thoughts or behaviors, is what allows Hegel's system to be understood as a philosophy of actual human development and social change.

2024-25 white race riot continues

+ Raw Story + Halloween ICE tear gas disrupts Halloween parade with costumed children Julia Conley, Common Dreams 1 day ago Я . . A former Cook County prosecutor said he had collected a tear gas canister from his own front lawn in a residential Chicago neighborhood and submitted it to a law firm that is preparing a lawsuit over immigration officers' persistent use of tear gas against residents who object <


http://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/10/2024-25-american-white-race-riot.html

2024-25 American white race riot continues apace

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2024/12/trump-playing-racist-trump-card.html <


https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/10/2024-2025-white-race-riot-continues.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/05/blog-post_84.html


https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/05/the-fundamental-struggle-for-whites.html


https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/09/2024-election-white-race-riot-america.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/04/blog-post_39.html

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https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/05/just-like-i-said-majority-of-whites.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/09/httpsl_23.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/09/hes-not-running-again-gotta-pin-him-on.html

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https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/05/republican-prez-continues-white-race.html

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https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/05/2024-election-presidential-racist-race.html


https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/05/republican-prez-continues-to-lead-white.html


https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/09/trump-confesses-that-racism-against.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/08/2024-25-white-race-riot-continues-trump.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/07/apparent-right-now-on-trumps-101.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/07/gop-border-czar-continues-2024-2025.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/07/2024-election-was-white-race-riot-what.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/06/republican-prez-continues-white-race.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/06/2024-election-was-white-race-riot-2025.html

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https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/03/trump-was-elected-on-racist-issue-of.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/03/great-white-race-riot-savages-on.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/03/maga-white-race-riot-in-barbarian.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/03/2024-election-was-white-race-riot-by.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/03/trump-continues-to-lead-white-race-riot.html

https://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/03/nation-wide-white-race-riot.html

David R. Roediger: Expanded on Du Bois's work in his book The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class (1999),

UN Tried to Force LGBTQ Laws on Burkina Faso — Traoré's Reply Went Viral 16,100 views 22h ago Ibrahim's Torare Aura 10000+ <


https://youtu.be/1zypvrQopYc?si=VxylyfrDzVuotjc9

Murdoch Paper Gives Trump Brutal History Lesson on Republican Icon <


The Wall Street Journal ripped into President Donald Trump for throwing a "tantrum" over an ad that used the words of Ronald Reagan to argue against the president's tariffs. The newspaper's editorial board accused Trump of acting like a "king" when it comes to tariffs after he ended trade talks with Canada over the ad and imposed a 10 percent tariff on Canadian goods in retaliation. The spot produced by the province of Ontario features about a minute of a five-minute Rea- gan

'Sold out' and 'betrayed': Virginia farmer calls Trump 'weak' as he flees US during shutdown Carl Gibson 3 hours ago<


As President Donald Trump is in the midst of a trip to multiple Asian countries, one Virginia-based soybean farmer is accusing him of weakness in standing up for the American agric

Burkina Faso : Literal Swords into Plowshares

Why Is Burkina Outsourcing 8 000 Soldiers as Farmers-Is it Economic Strategy or Crisis? 1.7K Likes 15,470 Views Oct25 2025 #IbrahimTraore #BurkinaFaso #Sahel<


Ibrahim Traoré, Burkina Faso, and Africa News reveal a new chapter of sovereignty as 8,000 soldiers become farmers. In 2025, President Traoré launched Operation Harvest—a daring plan to turn the nation's army into agricultural builders. What began as a survival measure soon became an economic revolution: soldiers cultivating 100,000 hectares, villages regaining stability, and a nation freeing itself from food dependency. Western critics call it "militarized farming," but many Africans see it as independence through labor. This video uncovers how discipline, soil, and vision merged to create a model that may redefine Africa's defense-feeding its people instead of waiting for aid. Is this economic strategy or the dawn of a new trade war over food sovereignty?

CAN AI RECOGNIZE CONTRADICTIONS IN ITS OWN STATEMENTS ?

Charles Brown asked Artificial Intelligence : <


BOHR invented the electron orbit model for atoms and also founded quantum mechanics that negated his orbital model?<

Charles Brown :

AI gives a contradictory answer by saying first , “No, Niels Bohr did not found quantum mechanics. CAN AI RECOGNIZE CONTRADICTIONS IN ITS OWN STATEMENTS ?

and then saying , “Bohr's role: Despite his model being superseded, Bohr made significant contributions to the development of quantum theory and was a key figure in its early stages. “

CB:So , Bohr did make significant contributions to the development of QM ; and QM radically modified his “Orbital “ model of the atom ; Although the root word “orbital “ is retained as quantum electron clouds are called “Orbitals “ . The are around the nucleus, but don’t exactly orbit like the planets orbiting the Sun AI Overview

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No, Niels Bohr did not found quantum mechanics, but he did develop the Bohr model of the atom in 1913, which incorporated early quantum theory to explain atomic structure. While Bohr's model was a revolutionary step, it was later superseded by quantum mechanics, which was developed in the 1920s by others like Max Born and Werner Heisenberg. Bohr's model was eventually found to be incomplete because it could not explain atoms with more than one electron. The Bohr model (1913): Bohr's model proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus i


CAN AI DO DIALECTICAL LOGIC ? AI says AI cannot ; see this link : <<<



http://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/11/ai-can-simulate-and-assist-in.html

Historic Physicist Bohr Atomic Orbits and Orbitals ?

* Charles Brown asked Artificial Intelligence :


BOHR invented the electron orbit model for atoms and also founded quantum mechanics that negated his orbital model?<


Charles Brown :

AI gives a contradictory answer by saying first , “No, Niels Bohr did not found quantum mechanics. CAN AI RECOGNIZE CONTRADICTIONS IN ITS OWN STATEMENTS ?

and then saying , “Bohr's role: Despite his model being superseded, Bohr made significant contributions to the development of quantum theory and was a key figure in its early stages. “

So , Bohr did make significant contributions to the development of QM ; and QM radically modified his “Orbital “ model of the atom ; Although the root word “orbital “ is retained as quantum electron clouds are called “Orbitals “ . The are around the nucleus, but don’t exactly orbit like the planets orbiting the Sun AI Overview

wBdU2D0f3nyBgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==.png AE8PHpOm8Wf2AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC.png zoCwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==.png +2


No, Niels Bohr did not found quantum mechanics, but he did develop the Bohr model of the atom in 1913, which incorporated early quantum theory to explain atomic structure. While Bohr's model was a revolutionary step, it was later superseded by quantum mechanics, which was developed in the 1920s by others like Max Born and Werner Heisenberg. Bohr's model was eventually found to be incomplete because it could not explain atoms with more than one electron. The Bohr model (1913): Bohr's model proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus i

ET/12pm PT, Rania Khalek and Eugene Puryear are joined by special guests: Chicago Mayor Brandon Johnson joins the show to discuss his call for a general strike against Trump's "tyranny" and the greed of the ultra-rich at the massive No Kings Day protest in Chicago last weekend. Johnson will explain how the demonstration was a powerful rejection of the federal government's "Operation Midway Blitz" against the city and why uniting working people and strategically withholding labor is essential to fighting back and transforming the country.<

Investigative journalist Ken Klippenstein will join to discuss NSPM-7, a sweeping Trump directive ordering the DOJ, FBI, and 200+ Joint Terrorism Task Forces to target groups deemed "anti-Christian" or "anti-American" under the guise of combating domestic terrorism. Klippenstein -who first broke the story- will explain the memo's far-reaching implications and why the corporate-owned media and elected officials are largely ignoring this alarming move to treat political dissent as terrorism. Editor-in-Chief of BreakThrough News, <


https://www.youtube.com/live/afKjlHL94PI?si=T_b2iPbCuRS3kZxR

Wolf 🐺 in sheep’s clothing: fake advertiser lying that true ads are fake . <


Trump calls for ban on 'fake ads' by 'radical left losers' as his poll numbers plummet

Venezuela will have a 21st Century Viet Cong ambushing American invaders <


Venezuela 🇻🇪 responding in kind, repositioning troops, mobilizing millions of militia and denouncing US activity in the region – a sign of defensive tactics from President Maduro

charles brown : Will the Republicans get Shanghaied in Asia ? I predict China won't give them what they want and they'll say China "betrayed" them.<


Ernest : "Trump doesn’t have the Cards "<


Charles Brown : And he knows it. Only card he has is the Race Card. He gonna play the white "victim "of Yellow "racism ": wolf in sheep's clothing. He's always playing the race card to his racist base in the first place. His trump card is the race card with MAGA. Delivered <


Bessent Eager For China Economic Rescue, Beijing Plays Chess, $1.2T Global Tariff Crash Begins 3,517 Likes<


https://youtu.be/MxKgwDzpFNM?si=qUS6HO5aQRCHZELT>

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http://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/10/blog-post_13.html

So if I were to think of it in a completely scientific way then maybe what my brain was trying to tell me to question my beliefs back then and that it's all a continuation of lived memory from others who also had big imaginations? <


Yes your unconscious mind had taken in ideas . They weren’t visions , but memories. Imagination is rearranged rememberings <


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Mexican Day of the Dead is actually the Living Generation celebrating itself as Reincarnation of Dead Generations ( I can use that formulation in class ; thanks )

I think Freud was covering up for abusive fathers with his ridiculous boy child wanting his mother hypothesis . Children don’t have sexual desire instinctively until puberty . Freud’s public patients were women ! With mental problems Not men . Grown up girls not grown up boys . The women were probably raped by their fathers , whom Freud was covering up for by shifting from girl - women to boys and their mothers . See what I’m saying ?

What is Marx's Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy in General in Marx's _Economic and Philosophic Manuscript of 1844_ ?<


ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, A VERY INTELLIGENT RESEARCH STUDENT , SAYS :<


" Al Overview +6<

Marx's "Critique of Hegel's Philosophy in General" in the 1844 Manuscripts outlines a three-step process: he first uses Feuerbach's critique of religion to critique Hegel's idealism, then inverts Hegel's relationship between the state and civil society by showing the state as an instrument of class rule, and finally moves to the concept of praxis as the solution. He argues that Hegel's philosophy is an idealistic abstraction that fails to account for material reality, class struggle, and the alienation of labor, and that true emancipation requires changing the material world through revolutionary action, not just changing consciousness.


o Step 1: Critique of Hegel's Idealism • Critique of Idealism: Marx argues that

Step 1: Critique of Hegel's Idealism • Critique of Idealism: Marx argues that Hegel starts from abstract thought and then imposes it onto reality, treating concepts like the family and civil society as mere emanations of the "Idea" <


• Inverting the Logic: Instead of the state proving logic, Marx insists that logic must be used to prove the nature of the state, a reversal that shows the state is a product of material, not logical, conditions. <


• Feuerbachian Inversion: Following Feuerbach's critique of religion, Marx applies a similar method to Hegel's philosophy, treating the state and civil society as "real," concrete existences that are the source of the abstract ideas Hegel prioritizes. <


Step 2: Critique of the Political Sphere • State as an instrument of class struggle: Marx criticizes Hegel's idea of the state as a neutral arbiter, arguing instead that it is an instrument of class warfare and exploitation, especially under capitalism.<


• Critique of political economy: This critique of the state leads Marx to focus on the critique of political economy, showing how the modern state is based on bourgeois economic relations and that these relations are fundamentally at odds with a truly human existence.


• Alienation: Marx connects the critique of the state and civil society to his emerging theory of alienation, arguing that private property is a result of alienated labor and that the state reflects this.<


Step 3: The Turn to PraxisStep 3: The Turn to Praxis

• Emancipation through action: The critique of both idealism and the existing political and economic structure leads Marx to a new solution: changing the material world through revolutionary action, or praxis.

• Abolition of private property: Marx concludes that true human emancipation is only possible through the abolition of both alienated labor and private property, which he sees as two sides of the same coin.

• Revolutionary practice: He argues that the goal is not just to change consciousness or have ideas, but to engage in radical, revolutionary practical activity to change the world itself.

Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right:... Marx's argument in *Towards the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of... a Amazon UK M • Emancipation through action: The critique of both idealism and the existing political and economic structure leads Marx to a new solution: changing the material world through revolutionary action, or praxis.

François-Noel Babeuf, known as Gracchus Babeuf, was a French revolutionary journalist and agitator famous for his radical ideas of social and economic equality. He advocated for the abolition of private property and called for a "pure democracy" and "egalitarian communism" through an armed uprising, leading the Conspiracy of the Equals against the Directory government. His conspiracy was discovered in 1796, and he was executed in 1797, but his tactical strategies became a model for later left-wing movements. Daal Alamn. Irananin Mnäl Dahaiif <



https://www.google.com/search?q=who+was+the+french+revolutionist+babaeuf&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-us&client=safari



Real Name: François-Noël Babeuf. • Nickname: "Gracchus" (after the Roman statesman).<


• Role in the Revolution: A journalist and political agitator who believed the Revolution had not gone far enough in establishing social and economic equality.


• Key Ideals: Advocated for the abolition of private property and the establishment of a society with a more equal distribution of land and income. He is considered by some to be one of the first communists.


• Conspiracy of the Equals: A plot to overthrow the Directory government and establish a revolutionary dictatorship with the goal of implementing his egalitarian ideals.


• Fate: The conspiracy was uncovered, and Babeuf and his followers were arrested. He was put on trial and guillotined in 1797.


• Legacy: His ideas and strategies influenced 19th-century left-wing and communist movements.


François-Noël Babeuf | French Revolutionary,... Q who was the french revolutionist babaeuf Conspiracy of the Equals: A plot to overthrow the Directory government and establish a revolutionary dictatorship with the goal of implementing his egalitarian ideals.


• Fate: The conspiracy was uncovered, and Babeuf and his followers were arrested. He was put on trial and guillotined in 1797.


• Legacy: His ideas and strategies influenced 19th-century left-wing and communist movements.

François-Noël Babeuf | French Revolutionary,... Sep 28, 2025 - François-Noel Babeuf Contents. Ask Anything.... Britannica ~


WHAT IDEAS ABOUT COMMUNISM DID BABEUF AND MARX AND ENGELS HAVE IN COMMON ?? <


• Al Overview Gracchus Babeuf and Karl Marx shared the fundamental goals of abolishing private property and creating a more equal society through a revolutionary struggle by the propertyless. While Marx built on Babeuf's ideas, they differed significantly in their understanding of the historical development required for a communist society. Shared communist ideas<


• Abolition of private property: Babeuf and his "Conspiracy of Equals" in the late 18th century believed that all private property should be eliminated and become communal. He argued that "Nature calls for perfect equality; all inequality is injustice". Marx and Engels also saw the abolition of private property as the central tenet of communism.


Abolition of private property: Babeuf and his "Conspiracy of Equals" in the late 18th century believed that all private property should be eliminated and become communal. He argued that "Nature calls for perfect equality; all inequality is injustice". Marx and Engels also saw the abolition of private property as the central tenet of communism.

• A class-based struggle: Babeuf viewed the conflict of the French Revolution as a class struggle between the wealthy elite and the poor, oppressed masses. This idea of conflict between social classes as the driving force of historical change was a precursor to Marx's and Engels' theory of class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.


• Political revolution: Both theorists believed that a political revolution was necessary to achieve communism. Babeuf's conspiracy sought to overthrow the Directory government through armed insurrection to create a new, egalitarian society. Marx, in turn, called for the working class to carry out organized revolutionary action to topple capitalism and establish a communist society.

• Dictatorship: Both Babeuf and Marx sawDictatorship: Both Babeuf and Marx saw the need for a period of transitional rule by a select few or the working class. Babeuf envisioned a provisional dictatorship by a "committee of select persons" to implement communism after a popular uprising. Marx called this transitional phase the "dictatorship of the proletariat". & Key differences in their theories

• Historical context: Babeuf's ideas were a radical extension of the French Revolution's Enlightenment ideals, arising from the extreme misery and inequality of the time.

Marx's theory, developed half a century later, was a response to the rise of industrial capitalism, a development Babeuf did not live to see.


• The revolutionary class: Babeuf's revolution was to be led by the general mass of the poor and oppressed, which included farmers, sans-culottes, and early workers.


Marx's communism, in contrast, was specifically "proletarian" in nature, focused on the urban, industrial working class that of the poor and oppressed, which included farmers, sans-culottes, and early workers. Marx's communism, in contrast, was specifically "proletarian" in nature, focused on the urban, industrial working class that arose with capitalism.

• Focus on production vs. distribution: Because of his pre-industrial context, Babeuf's communist vision was largely focused on the equal distribution of scarce goods through communal storehouses. Marx, observing the advanced productive forces of industrial capitalism, believed that communism would resolve questions of production by placing the means of production under collective ownership.

• Scientific vs. utopian: Marx and Engels viewed Babeuf as a revolutionary predecessor but considered him and other earlier communists "utopian." They believed that Babeuf failed to grasp that a "mature" proletariat and developed industry were prerequisites for a communist revolution to succeed. In contrast, they believed their own approach was a more "scientific" analysis of observing the advanced productive forces of industrial capitalism, believed that communism would resolve questions of production by placing the means of production under collective ownership.<


• Scientific vs. utopian: Marx and Engels viewed Babeuf as a revolutionary predecessor but considered him and other earlier communists "utopian." They believed that Babeuf failed to grasp that a "mature" proletariat and developed industry were prerequisites for a communist revolution to succeed. In contrast, they believed their own approach was a more "scientific" analysis of capitalism's historical development.

Full article: 'Rough' communism - Taylor &... Mar 11, 2025 - Their points of view were contrary to Marx' and Engels<


ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE's ANSWER TO MY QUESTION : DID MARX CRITICIZE BABEUF's COMMUNISM AS CRUDE IN MARX's ECONOMIC AND PHILOSOPHIC MANUSCRIPTS OF 1844 ?


• Al Overview +2 Yes, in the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, Marx criticizes "crude communism," and the ideas attributed to Babeuf are considered an example of this. Marx argues that this form of communism, which attempts to abolish private property through a negative, leveling process, is simply a generalization of private property and leads to an "absolute equality" that fails to overcome the alienation inherent in capitalism.<


• Critique of "crude communism": Marx characterizes crude communism as a form of private property, where the solution is not a positive humanistic appropriation but a negation and generalization of the capitalist relationship.


• "Absolute equality": Marx specifically critinuae the idea of "ahenlito annality," negation and generalization of the capitalist relationship.


• "Absolute equality": Marx specifically critiques the idea of "absolute equality," seeing it as a mere completion of the private property relation, which would lead to a society where everyone is a laborer and a universalized form of ownership.

• Alienation: Instead of genuinely overcoming alienation, this "crude" form of communism would simply create a new, universalized form of it. Marx argues that true communism, or "positive communism," is a conscious and complete restoration of man to himself as a social being, not a return to an "unnatural simplicity".

An Examination of Marx's Critique of Early... Marx, however, also attacked Babeuf's idea of "absolute equality"... * SCIRP Open Access The Economic Philosophical N Private Property and in its <


https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/preface.htm


https://www.google.com/search?q=does+marx+criticize+the+crude+communism+of+babeuf+in+marx%27s+economic+manuscript+of+1844+%3F&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-us&client=safari <

What is the Marvin Harris approach to anthropology? Definition. Marvin Harris was a prominent American anthropologist known for his contributions to cultural materialism, a theoretical framework that emphasizes the role of material conditions in shaping culture and social practices. https://fiveable.me Marvin Harris - (Intro to Cultural Anthropology) - Fiveable What did Bronislaw Malinowski mean by anthropology? He stated that the goal of the anthropologist, or ethnographer, is "to grasp the native's point of view, his relation to life, to realize his vision of his world". Because of the influence of his argument, he is sometimes credited, particularly in the United Kingdom, with having invented the field of ethnography. https://en.wikipedia.org Bronisław Malinowski - Wikipedia How do anthropologists define

“Come to the Laser Cabaret and swing your big bat” - Manager and Founder Timothy Lewis Johnson from Detroit Black Bottom; everybody got one .

"A lot of people don't struggle with depression, they struggle with the reality we live in." - Keanu

1 / 1 Charles Brown: _Attorney, Advocate, and Community Organizer_


Professor Charles Brown has dedicated his career to serving the people of Detroit and beyond, working tirelessly as an attorney, activist, and organizer for the working class, middle class, and marginalized communities. With decades of experience as an attorney for the Detroit City Council, he has had the privilege of working alongside notable leaders such as Comrade Mary Ann Mahaffey, Mel Ravitz, and JoAnn Watson.<


As a Legal Services attorney for the underprivileged, Charles has passionately defended clients facing evictions, welfare benefit losses, and other systemic challenges. Known as a “People’s Attorney,” he has been a steadfast advocate for unemployed individuals, single Black mothers on welfare, and other vulnerable populations.

A retired professional revolutionary, Black women’s liberationist, and proletarian internationalist, Charles draws on a foundation of historical and dialectical materialism, naturalism, and species-being philosophy. This legal philosophy is deeply rooted in the principles of the American Declaration of Independence, the Preamble to the Constitution, and the United Nations’ declarations on human rights. Education:<


- Doctor of Jurisprudence (J.D.) – University of Michigan - Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees in Anthropology – University of Michigan Personal Background: A proud Eastside Detroiter and the son of Coleman Young, he is also a father, uncle, and brother who once thrived as a softball, football, and basketball player. Now retired, he enjoys karaoke, dancing, and singing as part of a life philosophy centered on joy and connection. Motto: “Live, Love, Laugh.”

White self-genocide

"Deep-red state warns Trump 'a tsunami coming' their way

Carl Gibson<

One of the reddest states in the country is now urging President Donald Trump to take swift action to end the government shutdown by warning him that severe economic calamity will soon hit many of his voters. ADVERTISEMENT The Atlantic's Toluse Orunnipa reported recently that as the shutdown is about to extend into its fourth week, lawmakers in Arkansas passed a resolution saying the state was "in need of strong leadership from President Donald J. Trump" to prevent the looming closure of thousands of farms in the mostly rural state.

Republican state representative DeAnn Vaught, a farmer who authored the resolution, compared farmers' plight to "a tsunami com-ing."<

"This is going to affect the state of Arkansas in a very mighty way," Vaught said.

POLL: Do you think the Trump administration is taking steps that threaten fair elec-tions? <


Between the expiration of the Farm Bill, the Trump administration's tariffs resulting in foreign governments buying fewer agricultural products from the United States and the shut-down, farmers are teetering on insolvency. While the U.S. Department of Agriculture typically has fully staffed offices aimed at helping farmers obtain loans, the shutdown has resulted in those offices being closed for the bulk of the last month." ADVERTISEMENT

2024-2025 White race riot continues; tearing down their own white neighborhood. <


White House continues demolition of East Wing: <

http://take10charles.blogspot.com/2025/10/2024-25-american-white-race-riot.html

PRIVILEGE IS WHEN YOU THINK SOMETHING IS NOT A PROBLEM BECAUSE YOU AREN'T AFFECTED PERSONALLY

Why do so many white folks addict to fentanyl ? Why are they so unhappy ?

Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that is 50 times more powerful than heroin and much easier and cheaper to produce.<

It has largely replaced heroin and prescription opioids such as oxycodone as a cause of overdoses in the United States.

Comment : "Today, the bottom half of Chinese live two times better than the bottom half of Americans. So, who's the real champion of democracy? Today, without bursting the balloon, almost 40 million Americans live in poverty, and 201 million more live from paycheck to paycheck. That is already a nightmare for 97% of Americans! And, for the past 127 years, Puerto Rico has been a US colony! The US has consistently ignored 43 United Nations resolutions demanding the immediate return of Puerto Rico's sovereignty to the Puerto Ricans. 6 million Puerto Ricans have abandoned their national territory (gentrification), and almost half of the 3 million people in Puerto Rico live in poverty too. The Us, however, deceptively claims today that it supports Taiwan's inalienable right to self-determination and independence, only because it wants to try to justify going to war with China to colonize her too! Stop Trump from dumping America "<



artificial intelligence market. Nvidia's 4:27 processors are the backbone of computing 4:29 centers for OpenAl anthropic XAl meta 4:33 and dozens of startups working on 4:34 autonomous systems. The problem is 4:37 compounded by the fact that the United 4:39 States is effectively cornering its own 4:41 corporations. Donald Trump has 4:43 repeatedly stated he wants to bring 4:45 manufacturing home, but the reality of 4:47 the semiconductor industry does not 4:49 follow slogans. Building a TSMC level 4:53 fab takes at least 5 years and requires 4:55 more than $20 billion in investment. 4:58 Even if Nvidia decided to relocate

Chinese state media says US 'dying from within' as Beijing drafts next 5-year plan

'political polarisation' and recent large-scale protests against Donald Trump, says tariffs 'backfired' on Americans Chinese state media has labelled the US a failed state, claiming it is "dying from within" as its global hegemony declines.<


The commentary published in Beijing Dally on Tuesday came as China's policymakers prepared to outline long-term plans amid intensifying competition with Washington. Beijing on Monday began a key four-day conclave that will determine the country's devel- opment over the next five years.


The fourth plenum of the Communist Party's Central Committee, which runs through Thurs-day, revolves around formulating a blueprint to guide economic development from 2026 to 2030 amid a trade war led by US President <


https://l.smartnews.com/p-6rnJwS5i/060KT2


Despite months of negotiations, tensions between the rival powers escalated in recent weeks over economic sanctions, export controls and Trump's threat of an additional 100 per cent tariff on Chinese goods.

RESIST! RESIST THIS NO FASCIST ISNGS REGIME ★★★★ FASGSTS ตู่ DEMOCRACY NEEDS YOUR COURAGE ING 2


Tuesday's commentary sought to highlight the situation in the United States, saying that "po-litical polarisation is intensifying ... and domestic governance is increasingly strained" in the country.

"Where is the dignity of a major power? For decades, the US maintained its glossy image through global hegemony, but now it has entered a downward spiral of decline," it said.

"The halo was always an illusion, and the myth was fragile. To borrow Trump's own words:

America has, in many ways, become a failed state, it is 'dying from within'."

The commentary cited recent large-scale protests across America and the US federal government shutdown as well as Trump's tariff measures, which it described as "having once again backfired on ordinary Americans".

On Saturday, protesters took to the streets across the US for "No Kings" rallies, denouncing what they argued were Trump's authoritarian tendencies and corruption. Organisers estimated that more than seven million people marched in the protests held from New York to Los Angeles, with demonstrations popping up in smaller cities across the country, according to US media reports. It was the third such mass mobilisation since Trump returned to the White House in January, and it took place against the backdrop of a government shutdown that has closed federal programmes and services. The shutdown began on October 1 after congressional Democrats and Republicans could not agree on how to continue funding the federal government. In a social media post on Saturday, Trump posted an Al-generated video that depicted him in a fighter jet dumping brown sludge on protesters. ADVERTISEMENT On Tuesday, Beijing Daily, citing the video, wrote: "The 'mud' may be virtual, but what it reveals is painfully real - the US president and both political parties care little for the struggles of ordinary people." <


It also referred to the wildfires that struck greater Los Angeles earlier this year, saying "the supposedly efficient US system proved paralysed, placing political self-interest far above human lives". "One incident after another keeps tearing away the 'Uncle Sam' facade, exposing the empire's decay for all to see." "The illusion is shattered: so this is America - this is what it really is." On Chinese social media platforms, a number of users discussing American politics poked fun at what they described as "chaos" in the US, while some commended the protesters for expressing demands.<


Earlier this year, Chinese state media portrayed American governance in a similarly unflattering light. In a commentary in June, Beijing Youth Daily said the Los Angeles protests against Trump's immigration policies were proof of a broken government and a lack of social cohesion in the country. <


The South China Morning Post App Enjoy 7 days free when you download the app. Copyright (c) 2025. South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved.

Traore Nationalizes Land - Foreigners Lose Ownership Overnight, West Outraged | Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso has drawn a clear line in the sand. When its parliament voted unanimously in early 2025 to declare that the land belongs to the state ( !!) it wasn't just passing a law. It was reclaiming sovereignty. It was the sound of a nation saying, "Our soil is not for sale." For decades, Burkina Faso's farmland, its lifeblood, <



https://youtu.be/HI_aKZfOaLg?si=ZT2ToxpoHeFfbv5d


Communist Manifesto : <


"1. Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes."<


Of course, in the beginning, this cannot be effected except by means of despotic inroads on the rights of property, and on the conditions of bourgeois production; by means of measures, therefore, which appear economically insufficient and untenable, but which, in the course of the movement, outstrip themselves, necessitate further inroads upon the old social order, and are unavoidable as a means of entirely revolutionising the mode of production.

These measures will, of course, be different in different countries. Nevertheless, in most advanced countries, the following will be pretty generally applicable.<


1. Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes.

2. A heavy progressive or graduated income tax.

3. Abolition of all rights of inheritance. 4. Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels.

5. Centralisation of credit in the hands of the state, by means of a national bank with State capital and an exclusive monopoly.

6. Centralisation of the means of communication and transport in the hands of the State.

7. Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the State; the bringing into cultivation of waste-lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan.

8. Equal liability of all to work. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture.

9. Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries; gradual abolition of all the distinction between town and country by a more equable distribution of the populace over the country.


10. Free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of children’s factory labour in its present form. Combination of education with industrial production, &c, &c.

What Would a $600 M Rice Production Surge Mean for IMF Loans and Western I...

https://youtu.be/UF2vElQcQj4?si=X32HUguFbZG69AFB



Transcript : It grows one stalk at a time across the rice fields of Bkina Faso. Under the leadership of Captain Ibrahim Trayor, the country has launched what many call the boldest agricultural gamble in its modern history. A $600 0:26 million plan to make Burkina Faso feed itself. For decades, this small landlocked nation relied on imported rice and emergency aid. Each drought, each shortage pulled it deeper into the landlocked nation relied on imported rice and emergency aid. Each drought, each shortage pulled it deeper into the hands of lenders and agencies that dictated its budget, its prices, even its priorities. <


But in 2025, something changed. Traore's government announced that the time for dependency was over. They would dig new irrigation channels, : X 1:01 energy. The message was clear. Sovereignty begins with food. <


The project is massive. Over 280,000 hectares of farmland are being restored. 20 regional cooperatives have merged into a national rice union. Engineers work around the clock welding pipes and solar grids. The plan is not simply to grow rice. It is to reclaim freedom work around the clock welding pipes and solar grids. The plan is not simply to grow rice. It is to reclaim freedom from the quiet grip of the International Monetary Fund. In a remote corner of the Co Valley, farmer Sadu Zongo stands barefoot on the moist soil that had been dry for 15 years. If the rice grows, he 1:38 says softly, no one can tell us how to

I am an FDR/Paul Robeson / LBJ/Obama/ Coleman Young /John Conyers Liberal . I’m Old Left Liberal Gail Seaton Humbert no he didn’t shutdown Occupy ; he let us do it; I was in it the whole time and noted it at the time. He supported it ! That’s why it went on for months . If Bush had been Prez it would have been shut . Charles Brown wrote:  Thomas Clark I see you grinning at me saying I’m a progressive. Let’s have a little contest on our political activist histories and political correctness, Real Left credentials . I’m a child of 1967 Detroit mass protest against white supremacist poverty and police brutality , the original Black Lives Matter Movement . I was a leader of the BAM strike at the University of Michigan in 1970. I attended many student peace rallies . I was at Solidarity Day I and II, the million person anti-nuke protest in NYC . I marched with Conyers and Jackson to protest GM plant closings . I was at tent sleeping protests against Bush II war on Iraq; went to Occupy Wall Street in Detroit 5 day’s per week for months; and dozens more . I worked as a soldier in the War on Poverty as a Legal Services for the Poor attorney for 4 years . I was a Vice President of the National Lawyers Guild . I worked in Latin American Solidarity groups . Anti-Apartheid groups Etc Member National Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression with ANGELA DAVIS

Capt. Ibrahim Traore powerful meeting with Pan-Africanists from 27 countries<

In a powerful meeting with Pan-Africanists from 27 countries, Burkina Faso's President Captain Ibrahim Traoré delivers a message every African needs to hear. "There are only two sides: the oppressor or the oppressed. Neutrality does not exist." Speaking from the Kosyam Palace, Traore stresses the importance of awakening African consciousness, educating the youth, and resisting disinformation. Drawing inspiration from Hugo Chávez and the legacy of Thomas Sankara, he urges Africans to rise mentally, politically, and spiritually to claim true freedom and sovereignty. From reviving black institutions to empowering local innovation, this speech is a rallying cry for a new Africa - united, aware, and unstoppable. This is more than a speech. It's a blueprint for <


https://youtu.be/dJpQbSewrN0?si=Wju-zg5s0Xw0adp3<

Republican Prez is 21st Century Herbert Hoover ON STEROIDS. <


Hopefully California Dem Gov is 21st Century FDR <


https://youtu.be/JrCyCd0eudo?si=oMUnKVs6kFCrLAm0


Trump's Tariff Backfire: GE CLOSES Plants, Workers Left With NOTHING! #economics #politicaleconomy #mindtoClarity Video Description A 130-year-old pillar of American manufacturing has gone silent. In this deep-dive analysis, we uncover how devastating 50% tariffs forced an industrial giant to cut over 12,000 jobs and relocate billions in production to Mexico, Poland, and Vietnam. This isn't just a business decision; it's a social tremor devastating communities across Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York. We'll examine the $12.6 billion "global resilience" strategy that policies meant to protect American manufacturing ultimately caused. What is the true cost of this industrial exodus? This is a critical investigation into the crisis facing American manufacturing. If this story matters to you, please like this video and subscribe for more in-depth reports. Let us know your thoughts on the future of American manufacturing in the comments. This is the decline of American manufacturing explained. Video Timeline 00:00 - American manufacturing 02:45 - The 50% tariff that broke the supply chain 07:30 - $12.6 Billion Relocation: Why production left the US 13:20 - The devastating impact on American A national crisis : can America compete ?

LEADER IBRAHIM TRAORE'S words became a mantra repeated in schools, military baracks , and even in the markets : PEACE WITHOUT STRENGTH IS JUST PAUSE BEFORE DEFEAT

The AES Alliance, AFRICAN SAHELIAN STATES ALLIANCE, once dismissed as a fragile experiment, had evolved into a machine of willpower. Its creed was simple, brutal, and righteous. We do not negotiate with those who trade death for power( that is , the BOURGEOISIE) For decades, the Sahel had begged for peace through foreign intermediaries, and every promise of security had been paid for with a new massacre. The cycle was over. <


In wagadugu LEADER IBRAHIM TRAORE'S words became a mantra repeated in schools, military baracks , and even in the markets : PEACE WITHOUT STRENGTH IS JUST PAUSE BEFORE DEFEAT <


it was more than rhetoric ; it was strategy because for the first time Africa was beginning to define peace on its own terms. The convoys no longer moved with fear they moved with rhythm. Each soldier knew that behind his rifle stood an idea. The idea that sovereignty was~


https://youtu.be/8XELzAFsx30?si=JCf3eu1AEQRa8tR3

CHINA'S RARE EARTH ROPE AROUND AMERICA'S KNECK , THAT ROPE WAS SOLD TO CHINA BY AMERICA , THEREBY FULLFILLING LENIN'S CLAIM THAT THE CAPITALISTS WILL SELL US THE ROPE WITH WHICH WE HANG THEM .GIGGLES

CHINA'S RARE EARTH ROPE AROUND AMERICA'S KNECK , THAT ROPE WAS SOLD TO CHINA BY AMERICA , THEREBY FULLFILLING LENIN'S CLAIM THAT THE CAPITALISTS WILL SELL US THE ROPE WITH WHICH WE HANG THEM .GIGGLES <


Why China Won the Rare Earth War - and the West Fell Behind | wolff responds || R...<



https://youtu.be/B8iHRMmAQnA?si=us0jQC6Io-L3s_hx

Balancing chemical equations

https://youtu.be/6siOk-aWoPI?si=Q02ci_DLJoTRKvNg

Traore receives Peace Prize , as he should

https://youtu.be/1KXnx1WUwiU?si=UZI2r3R1BanduUIj

China Dresses Down US For The Second Time In 24 Hours, This Time Over Washington’s Rare Earth Panic

https://youtu.be/mAZAo3NAnJo?si=m4ofSplxnoqUIRMQ

The "wages of whiteness" is a concept coined by W.E.B. Du Bois in Black Reconstruction in America (1935) to describe the non-monetary, social and psychological benefits, or "public wages," that white individuals, particularly poor whites, received from white supremacy. These benefits included social status, public deference, and a sense of belonging to a racial hierarchy that was used to divide the working class along racial lines and foster allegiance to the system, even at the expense of their own economic interests.

The "wages of whiteness" is a concept coined by W.E.B. Du Bois in Black Reconstruction in America (1935) to describe the non-monetary, social and psychological benefits, or "public wages," that white individuals, particularly poor whites, received from white supremacy. These benefits included social status, public deference, and a sense of belonging to a racial hierarchy that was used to divide the working class along racial lines and foster allegiance to the system, even at the expense of their own economic interests. <


Bingo ! <


Key aspects of the concept Psychological compensation: Du Bois argued that poor white laborers, who were exploited economically, were compensated with psychological and social gains that came with being white. <


Public and social benefits: These benefits included access to public spaces, institutions like schools and juries, and a sense of superiority over Black Americans.


Divide and conquer: This system of "wages" was intentionally used by the wealthy to create racial solidarity among white people, preventing them from uniting with Black workers for economic solidarity and mutual benefit.

Enduring pattern: The concept continues to be used today to explain how racial identity and privilege can influence political behavior and perpetuate systems of inequality, even for those who may not be financially privileged. AI responses may include mistakes. Learn more <


https://www.google.com/search?q=wages+of+whiteness+web+dubois+youtube&client=safari&sca_esv=3bbeda8844e2ec09&hl=en-us&sxsrf=AE3TifMhP1lERrsAoCglHwif7AAMkvx2-A%3A1760627352523&ei=mArxaPrQH_Sh0PEPxu_r8Qc&oq=wages+of+whiteness+youtube&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIhp3YWdlcyBvZiB3aGl0ZW5lc3MgeW91dHViZSoCCAAyChAjGLADGCcYywQyCxAAGIAEGLADGKIEMgsQABiABBiwAxiiBDILEAAYgAQYsAMYogQyCBAAGLADGO8FSPgTUABYAHAAeACQAQCYAZMBoAGiAqoBAzAuMrgBAcgBAJgCAqACsAKYAwCIBgGQBgWSBwMwLjKgB-oIsgcDMC4yuAewAsIHBTEuMy0xyAcO&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp<



<


PRIVILEGE IS WHEN YOU THINK SOMETHING IS NOT A PROBLEM BECAUSE YOU AREN'T AFFECTED PERSONALLY

Al Mode All Images Videos Short videos • Al Overview +4 "Wages of whiteness" refers to the idea, coined by W.E.B. Du Bois, that whiteness provides unearned social and psychological benefits, or "wages," to white people regardless of their economic status. These non-monetary benefits include public deference, social superiority, access to certain resources, and a sense of belonging, which are granted to white people as a racial group. These "wages" can be a powerful incentive that shapes behavior and can divide the working class, obscuring class-based struggles by creating racial solidarity among white people.

<




https://www.google.com/search?q=what+are+wages+of+whiteness&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-us&client=safari


Al Mode All Images Videos Short videos • Al Overview +4 "Wages of whiteness" refers to the idea, coined by W.E.B. Du Bois, that whiteness provides unearned social and psychological benefits, or "wages," to white people regardless of their economic status. These non-monetary benefits include public deference, social superiority, access to certain resources, and a sense of belonging, which are granted to white people as a racial group. These "wages" can be a powerful incentive that shapes behavior and can divide the working class, obscuring class-based struggles by creating racial solidarity among white people. ®<


Examples of "wages" include: • Public deference and social superiority: Public respect and being treated as if one is superior to others.<


Q what are wages of whitenessExamples of "wages" include:


• Public deference and social superiority: Public respect and being treated as if one is superior to others. o


• Access to resources: Having privileged access to public spaces like parks and schools, and historically, the right to vote or serve on juries. @

• Psychological benefits: A sense of belonging and, for some, a false sense of immunity from responsibility or a lack of accountability.


• Legal and political advantages: Leniency in the courts or having police come from their own ranks.


How it functions • The concept suggests that by granting these non-monetary "wages" to white people, a system can maintain social and economic control. @


• These "wages" can divide the working class by fostering racial solidarity among white workers, making it harder for them to recognize and act on shared class interests <


Legal and political advantages: Leniency in the courts or having police come from their own ranks.


How it functions

• The concept suggests that by granting these non-monetary "wages" to white people, a system can maintain social and economic control. &

• These "wages" can divide the working class by fostering racial solidarity among white workers, making it harder for them to recognize and act on shared class interests with non-white workers.

• This psychological payoff can lead people to support a system that may not benefit them materially. *

The psychological rages of Whiteness: acceptabl... ABSTRACT. W.E.B. Du Bois states that psychological wages of... @ Taylor & Francis Online ETHNIC

The Soviet Manhunt Begins In 1960, a German factory worker kissed his wife goodbye in Buenos Cyrus. He never came home. His real name wasn't Ricardo Clement. It was Adolf Ikeman. He organized the Holocaust's trains. 3,000 m away in Moscow, a Soviet agent crossed a name off a list. The list had 20,000 names, all SS officers, all marked for death. You know about Israeli agents catching Ikeman, but here's what hunting kim you don't know. The Soviets had beenyou don't know. The Soviets had been hunting him for 15 years. They had files on every SS man who ever held a gun. They tracked them from Berlin's ashes to jungle hideouts in Brazil. They turned Holocaust survivors into hunters. They infiltrated the Vatican. They blackmailed American spies. This is the story nobody tells. The story of history's longest manhunt. May 8th, 1945. Berlin burns.<


The List of the Damned Hitler is dead. The Red Army controls theHitler is dead. The Red Army controls the city. But Soviet soldiers keep finding mass graves. Hundreds of them. Thousands of bodies in each one. Women, children, entire villages. Therefore, Stalin gives a new order. Find every SS officer. takes make them pay. A special unit called Smeh charge. The name means death to spies. Their new mission, hunt the SS, not arrest them, hunt them. Victor Ahakumoff leads Smursh. He'scharge. The name means death to spies. Their new mission, hunt the SS, not arrest them, hunt them. Victor Abakumoff leads Smursh. He's Stalin's executioner. He starts making lists. They raid Nazi headquarters. They find membership files, photos, home addresses. They interrogate prisoners for 12 hours straight. No sleep, no food, just names. By June, they have 250,000 names. Major Anatoli Novikov finds a mass grave outside Minsk. 3,000 bodies. He recognizes his sister's

Abolish the GOP at the polls; make it emphatic ; vote straight Democratic !

Sent from my iPhone Begin forwarded message: From: c b Date: August 7, 2013 at 10:22:42 AM EDT To: charles brown Subject: CB commentary on election Most people do not want to spend a lot of time parsing the complexities of a budget deficit, billions of dollars in city spending, pensions, municipal bonds, emergency management and bankruptcy; as debated by 12 mayoral candidates. They'll just wait for a simpler choice in November. One of the biggest complaints about city council is "they sit up there and argue too much". People don't want to do heavy thought work on city government; heavy thought can't be done without a lot of arguing. Anyway, for most white's in Detroit the vote was simplified based on color: one legitimate white candidate. " Why does race matter ? Just vote for the best candidate", they say in their best Reaganite "colorblind" thinking. Simplified and simplified for whties; too , complicated for Blacks. Charles Brown I am disgusted by this turnout. With so much at stake, it does not make sense. What do you think is going on? Was this some kind of "passive aggressive" protest?///// This is a normal level of turnout for a primary. Most people are not into city politics or politics in general as much as those of us who write on these social networks. And city business is by-and-large very boring. Garbage pickup, public lighting and water and sewerage are deadly dull topics. Daily life struggles and escaping from them into television dream worlds predominate in people's attention, not the Coleman A. Young building. With a 17% turnout, 50% or more of the vote could be white people, because even though Black people are say 80% of the population, Whites register to vote at a higher percentage and turnout at a higher percentage. If these transformations of the basic population proportions into different proportions of the voting population are large enough, whites can easily be 40 to 50% of the total vote. White people might vote 80% -90% for Duggan. Add in enough Black people voting for Duggan, and this result is feasible. Black voters may have been lazy relative to white voters, as Orr said (giggles)( 17% was the figure given for the turnout last night. I assume that hasn't changed.) This is the first time there has been a White candidate who was a legitimate contender since 1973. By the way, If we're so dumb, how come we're so rich ? Since we're really not rich, we must be smart (smiles) Most of the rich _are_ lazy.

Crockett , Segrue <


https://lsa.umich.edu/content/dam/sid-assets/SID%20Docs/R.%20Martin,%20George%20Crockett%20%26%20Equal%20Justice.pdf

 From: Charles Brown Date: August 18, 2020 at 11:03:09 AM EDT To: Charles Brown Subject: Re: CB activist career  Some Democrats are progressives. I’m Real Left , optimum prigressive and I’m a Democrat. Obama is progressive and Warren ; Conyers and Coleman Young were progressive . Biden is a Liberal , not a Conservative. No he isn’t aligning himself with Republicans. He the leader of the Democrats , who has to make compromises with Republicans to win and get things passed if he wins . Gail Seaton Humbert I’m a FDR/Paul Robeson / LBJ/Obama/ Coleman Young /Conyers Liberal . I’m Old Left Liberal Gail Seaton Humbert no he didn’t shutdown Occupy ; he let us do it; I was in it the whole time and noted it at the time. He supported it ! That’s why it went on for months . If Bush had been Prez it would have been shut . Sent from my iPhone On Aug 17, 2020, at 6:49 PM, Charles Brown wrote:  Thomas Clark I see you grinning at me saying I’m a progressive. Let’s have a little contest on our political activist histories and political correctness, Real Left credentials . I’m a child of 1967 Detroit mass protest against white supremacist poverty and police brutality , the original Black Lives Matter Movement . I was a leader of the BAM strike at the University of Michigan in 1970. I was at Solidarity Day I and II, the million person anti-nuke protest in NYC . I marched with Conyers and Jackson to protest GM plant closings . I was at tent sleeping protests against Bush II war on Iraq; went to Occupy Wall Street in Detroit 5 day’s per week for months; and dozens more . I worked as a soldier in the War on Poverty as a Legal Services for the Poor attorney for 4 years . I was a Vice President of the National Lawyers Guild . I worked in Latin American Solidarity groups . Etc Sent from my iPhone

ANTHROPOLOGY 201 : CITIES AND URBAN LIFE TEST 3 DUE THURSDAY, JULY 11 A) On Test 1 recall that you answered the following question: 1.5 “Enumerate the recent population percentage change of the 30 largest U.S. cities “ as reported in the text chapter 1. Note Detroit as a outlier with big population loss . Why has Detroit lost population in recent decades ? For this Test , Test 3, Please elaborate and expand your answer from Test 1 to include facts and information from personal experience, from the materials you received in class on Detroit’s Black Bottom, Thomas Segrue’s book on the origin of the urban crisis , Coleman Young’s autobiography _Hard stuff_; use the internet to find more on this period of about the 1920’s until the 1960’s/70’s in Detroit’s Black and white history B) What developments of the People and Civics of Detroit did Coleman Young lead in his time in office regarding competent government public service, economic development , racial equality Page 151 of the text says, “environmental, economic and social factors play a role in creating an urban area .” However, I , Prof. Brown say, when we examine specific examples , economic factors predominate; environmental factors are most influential through economics. Based on examples of urban areas in the text, lectures and other materials handed out in class or internet research, do you agree or disagree with me ? Give reasons why you do or don’t , please. C) Make a list of activities, persons, places and streets significant in your life. Build your cognitive community map for your answer to Question C on TEST 3 out of your list of activities, persons, places, streets significant in your life ( See page 203 of text on cognitive mapping ).

photo Coleman A. Young 1918-1997 Coleman A. Young is one of the most important African-American political pioneers in history. He was one of the first black mayors of a major U.S. city Young's life story features a series of many "firsts", each of which created opportunities for others to travel with less The story of Young's rise to political prominence is one of deep struggle and perseverance. 1918 - 1960 : Pre-Politics Birth to High School Young as a baby Coleman was born in Tuscaloosa, Alabama in 1918. He was the oldest of five children born to William Coleman Young, who worked as a barber, and Ida Reese Jones Young, a teacher. The family left for Detroit by train on in 1923. They settled in Black Bottom, an east-side area named for the richness of its soil. Blacks coming from the South seeking work in the auto industry were segregated into the crowded but vibrant neighborhood. Young in high school Young was one of the top students in the Catholic school system, but his scholarship to a Catholic high school was rescinded when a priest learned that the light- skinned youngster was black. Young attended Eastern High School instead and graduated second in his class. Young was not awarded an academic scholarship to any of the universities in Michigan. (One of the reasons Mayor Young founded CAYF was to give others opportunities denied to him.) After High School Young worked for Ford Motor, but agitated management with his union organizing activity and found himself blacklisted from working in the industry. The FBI also opened a case file on him. Young became deeply involved in the labor movement and became the first black official in the CIO. His slogan was: "Black and white unite to fight". Young believed that the struggle for workers' rights and the struggle for black civil rights were essentially connected. Young in the army Young was drafted for WWII and was a lieutenant with the legendary Tuskegee Airmen. Young was arrested with 100 other black officers after trying to integrate an officers club. The officers were later released. After the war, Young's organizing work was monitored by the federal government who, in the 1950s, were in the throes of an anti-Communist witchhunt that sought to ensnare anyone working in the labor or civil rights movements. Young appearing before the HUAC In 1952 Young was ordered to appear before the House Un-American Activities Committee. He became the first witness to confront the committee, calling it "un-American." Young's testimony was radiocast in Detroit and he became a local hero. In the 1950s, Coleman Young struggled to earn a living. He was blacklisted by both private industry and the FBI for his union activities. So he worked as a dry cleaner, wall washer, taxi driver and other unsteady jobs. When his wife Marion was pregnant and had a complication, they could not afford the medical care. The child was lost and the marriage would later collapse. 1960s - 1997 : Political Career The Begining Young Elected Young entered election politics in 1960s. At the '61 Michigan Constitutional Convention, he co-wrote the civil rights section of the new state constitution. In '64 he was elected as a State Senator and rose to Democratic floor leader two years later. His colleagues regarded him as both a fiery and astute politician who understood the art of coalition building. In '68 Young became the first black member of the Democratic National Committee. Mayor Young Young was elected Mayor of Detroit in 1973. In his campaign he vowed to fully integrate the police force and work to end police brutality against black citizens that was endemic in the city. Police brutality sparked the 1967 riot that accelerated white flight which made blacks a majority in the city. Detroit was in dire times when Young assumed office. The flight of people, capital and jobs combined with the decline of the domestic auto industry and the oil embargo exacted a heavy toll on the city. Young And Henry Ford Young set out to create new partner ships with corporate leaders, like Henry Ford II, to try to rebuild the economic base of the city. As a result of the Mayor's efforts, Ford built the Renaissance Center on the riverfront and both GM and Chrysler built new plants in Detroit. Young Celebrating the Renaissance Center Accomplishments Mayor Young was elected five times. Among his many accomplishments: Young integrated the police force and raised its professionalism to nationally acclaimed levels. Young balanced the city's budget despite a declining tax base and federal and state cutbacks. Young provided unprecedented opportunity in city government to blacks and women and increased the awarding of minority contracts an astounding seven-thousand fold, spurring an African-American entrepreneurialism that continues to transform the city. Young Laughing http://www.cayf.org/about_person.php

My Story of the Communist Party USA in Detroit Pat Fry December 2, 2020 I grew up in a white, working-class neighborhood in northwest Detroit. The city was my father’s birthplace and several generations before him. My mother was born in the small rural town of Ventura in north central Iowa. She left for Detroit at the age of 18 to find work in the auto plants during WWII. That’s where she met my father. They had 5 children; I was the first born. My parents were not of the left. They were Democrats and proud of it. Republicans were for the rich folks, they always told me. This was my first grounding in class politics. I was raised as a devout Catholic and a prime candidate for the convent. What diverted me from that course was the now defunct Social Security program that provided survivor benefits to children pursuing higher education. My father died when I was 13. The SS money enabled me to attend college. The single most important event that shaped my early social consciousness took place in March, 1965. I was completing senior year at my neighborhood Catholic high school and had been keenly following the events unfolding in the civil rights movement of the South. News broke that a white woman who lived a few blocks from me had been murdered by the KKK during the Selma to Montgomery march for voting rights. She was Viola Liuzzo. I was in awe of Liuzzo’s heroism; her racist murder shook me. My shock and anger, however, was not the response of the political establishment, the media or the Catholic church where she had been a parishioner. Vicious racist stories circulated as to her motives. How dare a white woman leave her children to take up with Blacks? That was a common refrain. Lies, that we later learned had been orchestrated by J. Edgar Hoover’s FBI, condemned Liuzzo. The horrific reaction to her death, and the outpouring of racist verbal, violent attacks on her family, unmasked for me the hypocrisy of many who preached religion. I soon became an activist on the campus of Eastern Michigan University in Ypsilanti, 30 miles west of Detroit. The civil rights struggle became my struggle as we demanded “open admissions,” picketed barbershops that barred Black people, and documented landlords who refused to rent to Black students. I helped form the campus human rights committee, and through it called for an investigation by the Michigan Human Rights Commission of campus systemic racism. The anti-war movement and the women’s movement became equally dynamic, and I was a student leader of both, barely graduating in 1970 amidst the protests against the invasion of Cambodia, a campus student strike, and the slayings at Kent and Jackson State universities. I returned to Detroit in the summer of 1970 and entered the political world of the “New Left.” The Detroit Organizing Committee (DOC) introduced me to the political theory of Marx and Lenin. Significantly, we all were white. We saw our role as providing support to the League of Revolutionary Black Workers who were waging militant action against discrimination at Detroit auto plants and within the UAW. We worked to disband the infamous Detroit police STRESS unit, a terror squad in Detroit’s black neighborhoods. But the DOC never considered organizing a multi-racial collective, and it soon died. I then joined several study collectives. At one time, I was a participant of three study circles simultaneously made up of various activists. We were black student leaders of the radical South End newspaper at Wayne State University, Chicano activists from Southwest Detroit and the United 2 Farmworkers Union grape boycott, Palestinian activists from the South End of Dearborn, community activists protesting university expansion and gentrification. Among us were the former national chair of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Phil Hutchings, and a leader of the Republic of New Africa, Gloria House (Aneb Kgositsile). We organized Detroit contingents of the Venceremos Brigade to Cuba and worked to build the US-China Friendship Association. One of the study circles was led by Grace and Jimmy Boggs. The “new communist movement” took shape at this time. Detroit had become a mecca for the Maoist- influenced organizations of the Revolutionary Union that became the Revolutionary Communist Party, and the October League that became the Communist Party Marxist-Leninist. Their stated goal was to build a “party of a new type,” one that rejected what they viewed as the “revisionism” of the Communist Party USA and the Soviet Union while embracing the political line of the Chinese Communist Party. Many of us who had studied and worked together formed the Detroit Marxist Leninist Organization (DMLO) in the mid 1970s. We saw the need for a socialist organization but rejected the Maoist left. We did not consider joining the Communist Party, convinced that it had betrayed Marxism-Leninism. There were similar collectives around the country that soon came together to form the Organizing Committee for an Ideological Center. In a position paper, we said the CPUSA had “only slight influence and was the dominant opportunist force in the trade unions,” which “does not even give lip service to socialism, let alone revolution.” (OCIC chair Clay Newlin, May 1978). The OCIC devoted all of its energy to debating the fine points of political line. It saw itself as a new theoretical center for “party building” but completely divorced from practical work of the mass movement. It collapsed under the weight of a phony, destructive, internal campaign against white chauvinism that focused on what people thought rather than what they did. By 1981, DMLO and the OCIC had become a political cult and died. I was emotionally wrecked by the DMLO/OCIC experience. It was difficult to find my bearings as I was greatly influenced by the anti-CPUSA critiques. My views began to change influenced by movement veterans who were formerly members of the CP. One was Chris Alston, an African American who was one of the first Party members organizing the UAW at the Ford Motor Company. In the 1930s, Chris organized tobacco workers in Virginia. In his later years, when we met Chris, he was heading a youth community center on Detroit’s eastside. As young activists we met often with Chris who became a mentor, sharing his experiences and perspectives. He helped us debate and get clear on a position in opposition to the Chinese Communist Party’s support for the reactionary nationalist forces of UNITA in Angola. The issue had become a dividing line among activists of the “new communist movement.” Another veteran activist who influenced me greatly beginning in the early 1970s was Saul Wellman. Saul had been a leader of the Communist Party in Detroit in the early period, a Party organizer in the auto plants, and a member of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade who fought Franco fascism in the Spanish Civil War. Saul had left the CP in the late 1950s over political differences but remained close to some of his comrades in the Party such as Gil Green. Always a stalwart who drew young activists around him, he joined what became the Detroit chapter of the Democratic Socialists of America. In the early 1980s, Saul organized a number of us in a study circle reading Carl Marzani’s 1981 book, “The Promise of Eurocommunism.” Years later, I was interviewed for a documentary film about Saul, “Professional 3 Revolutionary: The Life of Saul Wellman” (2004) In it, I said that Saul had always instilled in me the importance of organization, one that “could see the forest and the trees.” The ideological straight jacket of the “new communist movement” was difficult to shake loose even after breaking from its organizational orbit. Perhaps of singular importance in dispelling its myths was the movement for nuclear disarmament. Anti-Soviet thinking was an obstacle, as the “new communist movement” viewed “Soviet social imperialism” as an equal or greater threat to the world than U.S. imperialism. This was the period when Leonid Brezhnev, President of the U.S.S.R., was unilaterally discontinuing deployment of medium-range missiles in the European theatre, pressing for talks with U.S. President Ronald Reagan to reduce strategic arms, and offering an immediate freeze on strategic weapons development. As the world teetered on the brink of nuclear catastrophe, Reagan was planning to escalate the nuclear arms race with his “Star Wars” Strategic Defense Initiative. It was Al Fishman and other Communist Party members active in the peace movement in Detroit that were indispensable in my re-education. Al was passionate about peace and worked tirelessly with SANE/FREEZE and later with Peace Action when it was launched. Up until then, I could not see the Soviet Union’s drive for negotiated nuclear arms reductions as anything other than a ploy. The U.S. Peace Council’s educational programs providing detailed information about the arms race were indispensable. I learned from the many selfless activists like Michelle Stone Art who headed the Detroit chapter, and Mark Solomon and Rob Prince of the national organization. The Communist Party was an important mobilizer of the historic June 12, 1982 peace march in New York City that drew a million people. The march and rally coincided with the United Nations Second Special Session on Disarmament. I was among the many who travelled in busloads from Detroit. Unfortunately, the “Soviet social imperialism” political line dovetailed with the line of a small band of right-wingers who held signs that read, “Peace is a Soviet Weapon of Conquest” (NYT, 6/13/1982). Following the collapse of the organizations of the “new communist movement” in the early 1980s, few went on to join other socialist organizations or parties. A few joined the Communist Labor Party, a sectarian party organization that had a substantial number of Black cadre in Detroit. Some others were active in the NAM/DSOC predecessor that led to the formation of the Democratic Socialists of America, an organization with an anti-communist international line and sorely lacking in building a multi-racial membership. With few exceptions, my fellow activists of the “new communist movement” ended their organizational tenure in “party building.” Why me and not most others? I have been asked. In my opinion, the distorted politics of the “new communist movement” derailed many fine activists from ever considering party organization again. For myself, I chose not to give up on the imperative for party organization and multi-racial unity. Another fellow activist who also moved on from the new left was my good friend and comrade, Geoffrey Jacques. Geoff had left DMLO a few years earlier to join the CP, becoming the Detroit correspondent for the Daily World newspaper. He invited me to a small gathering at the home of Carl and Helen Winter for a discussion of what was shaping up to be a coordinated FBI attack on Detroit’s first African American mayor, Coleman Young. Elected in 1973, Young was one of several Black mayors voted into office in a wave not seen since Reconstruction. A broad anti-racist movement had worked to elect Young and defeat John Nichols, the Detroit police chief who oversaw the police terror unit, STRESS (Stop the 4 Robberies Enjoy Safe Streets). STRESS was disbanded as Young’s first act as mayor when taking office in 1974. Ten years later, Young was in his third term of office, winning by large margins. He would win two more reelections spanning 20 years in all. The political establishment in the surrounding predominantly white suburbs hated Young’s outspokenness on racism and his staunch defense of Detroit. Determined to undermine his administration, the Detroit media filled it pages with stories of Young’s alleged corruption on city contracts. None of it was true. It was later revealed to be part of an FBI dirty tricks campaign to bring down Young and other Black mayors in the country. Still in the fog of the DMLO/OCIC debacle, discussion that day at the Winter home helped to clear it away. It was a discussion of racism rooted in real life, working-class politics. Leading it was Carl Winter, one of the 12 Smith Act leaders of the Communist Party who was convicted in 1948 and served five years in prison. Carl talked about the stakes for the multi-racial working class in defending Mayor Young against a government campaign to bring him down. While the “new communist” left was focused on “Third World Marxism,” the CP in Michigan was mobilizing against an attack on Detroit’s African- American working-class mayor. I filled out a membership card joining the Communist Party that day. Coleman Young was pure Detroit. Raised on the city’s east side “Black Bottom,” he was a Tuskegee Airman who was not permitted to fly missions in the anti-fascist war in retaliation for his efforts to desegregate the all-white officer clubs at military bases. After the war, Young became a leader of the National Negro Congress and famously ran the anti-communist McCarthy hearings out of Detroit with his refusal to answer red-baiting questions, saying “I ain’t no stool pidgeon.” In his autobiography, Young recounted what life was like in Detroit’s “Black Bottom” in the 1930s. Maben’s barbershop was the center of neighborhood political discussion and debate, and his mentor was the Rev. Charles Hill of Hartford Avenue Baptist Church who along with Young was a leader of the National Negro Congress. “From the barbershop I got the attitude,” wrote Young, “from Rev. Hill I got the leadership. I knew the party line backwards and forwards from Maben’s.” I soon came to learn what Coleman Young had described. Over the next few years I met many of the labor and African American leaders who had provided the backbone to the early industrial union organizing and civil rights movements, as well as the struggle for peace. By the following year, 1984, I had been working for past 14 years as a clerical worker at Detroit’s Wayne County Community College, and an elected officer of its UAW local union. For my vacation in July, I travelled to Nicaragua with religious and student activists protesting the U.S. contra war. I had been active in Latin American solidarity movements since my 2-month Venceremos Brigade trip to Cuba in 1972, and was an avid reader of the Daily World coverage of Nicaragua and Cuba by correspondent Sandy Pollack, who later died in a 1985 plane crash en route from Cuba to Nicaragua. I was inspired by the heroism of the people I had met in Nicaragua defending their country against a brutal U.S. intervention. When I returned, I decided to quit my secretarial job to devout full-time to movement activism. The Daily World newspaper’s Detroit bureau was in need of a correspondent after Geoffrey moved to New York City where he continued to write for the paper. In January 1985, I interviewed for the position, and my on-the-job training as a working-class journalist began. 5 As Detroit correspondent I followed in the pathbreaking footsteps of Billy Allan, the Daily Worker (later named Daily World) correspondent for decades. I had not known him during his Detroit days as he had moved to California where he continued to write for the paper. Billy was the consummate working-class journalist, activist and organizer. He was one of six Michigan leaders of the Communist Party arrested in 1952 and charged under the Smith Act, along with Helen Winter, who was then the organizational secretary of the Party and wife of Carl Winter. Billy taught me how to cover a UAW convention. We co-authored daily coverage of the 1986 Anaheim convention. The issues we wrote about were priority campaigns in the unfolding fight-back movement in the midst of a pandemic of plant closings and job losses. Convention resolutions called for a federal jobs program, a government-run family farm program and conversion of military production to fund programs to fight poverty and unemployment, government ownership of oil and energy production, and legislation to halt plant closings. These were the issues that Party members were building mass campaigns around in Detroit and elsewhere, a program of its “industrial concentration policy.” From the early 1930s, the Party had developed a policy to focus its activity on the “most decisive industries – mine, steel, textile, marine and auto. (Roger Keeran, The Communist Party and the Auto Workers Union, p. 81.) Auto plant closings in the mid-1980s had became a crisis of gloom and despair for the thousands of autoworkers left unemployed. I covered labor-community pickets and rallies in front of General Motors headquarters and elsewhere. GM, Ford and Chrysler were abandoning the African-American centers of Detroit, Flint and Pontiac in pursuit of maximum profits in low-wage regions of the South and off-shore. Jesse Jackson and Rep. John Conyers were among the African American leaders who marched with rank- and-file autoworkers. At a press conference at GM headquarters, the company announced that 22 auto plants in Detroit would close due to “excess capacity.” No mention was made about GM’s previously announced plans to build new plants In Mexico. As a member of the press, I rose to ask why GM was closing plants in the U.S. while building new plants in Mexico if “excess capacity” was the reason. GM had to admit that they were simply relocating. This became the headline story in the mainstream media the next day. The plant closings became a civil rights issue. The People’s Daily World as it had been renamed in 1985, assigned me to write a feature story, Death of an Auto Town. I interviewed auto workers at several plant gates throughout Michigan about federal legislation that had been introduced to extend unemployment benefits, and provide a 90-day advance notice of a plant closing. Hearings were held in several parts of the country and it became a priority campaign of the Party. As Detroit City Council president Mary Ann Mahaffey told me in an interview in 1988, “Even though (the legislation) won’t be good enough, it at least calls attention to the problem.” In building support for the plant closing bill, Communist Party trade union and community activists went all out to build the “Save Our Jobs” conference in Chicago in 1988. It was attended by a significant number of trade unionists, community and religious leaders and elected officials. On the east side of Detroit, saving the Chrysler Jefferson Assembly plant was a major concentrated effort for the Michigan Party. Chrysler had announced that it would close the aging plant but refused to consider building a new plant in its place. The predominantly African-American community had already 6 been severely impacted by the closing of the historic Dodge Main plant in 1980. My role was to cover the campaign in the pages of the PDW with stories of Chrysler’s profit-driven plant closings and their impact on communities. I wrote about the efforts of UAW Local 7 representing the Jefferson Assembly workers, the pressure brought by Mayor Young, and a labor-community-religious coalition to save the plant that the Party was instrumental in building. Central to the campaign was Lee Cain, African American long-time rank-and-file leader of Dodge Main’s Local 3 and now Jefferson Assembly’s Local 7, and an open member of the Party. Cain told us the history of his efforts at building the Fair Employment Practices Committee (FEPC) at Local 3 which was an important vehicle for UAW support of the civil rights movement in the South. It was an example of how the labor-African-American alliance was built. Our eastside community Party club distributed the PDW at plant gates, stores and door-to-door in neighborhoods. We organized community forums in churches near the plant. National CP co-chair Henry Winston spoke at one such gathering. In the end, the multi-faceted pressure campaign forced Chrysler to announce plans to build a new auto plant across the road from the old one. As the PDW reporter I was on the front lines of many struggles, as activist and reporter. I walked the UAW-led picket line at Detroit Metropolitan Airport in support of locked-out members of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO), and rode with UAW members in the “Motown to Coaltown” car caravan to Camp Solidarity in support of the United Mine Workers of America strike against Pittston Coal in Virginia. I covered many union and civil rights organization conventions, among them, the Coalition of Black Trade Unionists, the NAACP, the Urban League, AFL-CIO legislative conferences, the founding convention of the Canadian Auto Workers union. In covering the plight of family farmers, I attended farm-labor conferences, and interviewed in a special feature Neal Rogers, a dairy farmer in Eaton Rapids, Michigan, who was the founder of the Farm Unity Coalition of Michigan family farmers struggling against agribusiness. I covered the rank-and-file New Directions upsurge within the UAW and its leader Jerry Tucker, as well as top leaders of the UAW. In a feature interview with UAW Vice President Marc Stepp, who headed the union’s Chrysler department, he discussed the impact of plant closings. He talked about the missed opportunity in 1979 when Chrysler was filing for bankruptcy and used the threat of job loss to extract major concessions from the union. The UAW, said Stepp, urged the government to acquire equity interest in the company in return for loan guarantees and tax credits, a step in the direction of public ownership. The government and Chrysler both refused. It always impressed me that that the many leading figures of Detroit that I interviewed for the PDW were so welcoming: Dr. Charles Wright, founder of Detroit’s African-American museum; Rep. George Crockett, the first Black lawyer at an integrated law firm who defended top leaders of the Communist Party in the Smith Act trials of 1948; Circuit Court Judge Claudia Morcom, who led the legal front against segregation in Mississippi in the violent struggles of the 1960s, and the first Black woman lawyer at an integrated law firm; City Council President Erma Henderson, considered the 20 th century’s most powerful woman in Detroit, whose history included chairing the Detroit chapter of the Labor Youth League, successor to the Young Communist League in the 1940s; and City Council President Mary Ann Mahaffey, who was elected following Henderson’s retirement. 7 I covered hearings organized at the Detroit City Council in support of the Hayes-Conyers Jobs or Income Now legislation, and another hearing led by Rep. Crockett on the status of women with testimony by the Detroit delegation to the Nairobi Women’s Conference. In 1989, I attended a gathering in the Detroit office of Rep. Conyers where he announced HR 40, the first bill introduced in Congress calling for a commission to study the case for reparations for African-Americans. The international dimension of the work of the Communist Party was unmatched on the left. In 1991, the PDW sponsored a national tour with Chris Hani, the head of the armed wing of the African National Congress, Umkhonto we Sizwe. Later that year, Hani became the chair of the South African Communist Party, succeeding Joe Slovo. Detroit was a highlight of the Hani tour. Mayor Young rolled out the red carpet and treated Hani as a head of state, providing a driver and limousine with full security detail. Under the auspices of the PDW, a welcoming committee was formed that included leading anti- apartheid, community, peace and religious organizations. We held a reception and program in downtown Detroit at the Peace Museum, attended by a number of luminaries including Rep. Conyers. A well-attended program followed, featuring African-American cultural performances and a talk by Hani about the unbanning of the ANC the year before and prospects for South Africa’s first democratic election. The following day, I was one of four in a delegation that accompanied Hani to a private meeting with Mayor Young at the Manoogian Mansion, the official mayoral residence on the Detroit River. The meeting had been requested by Hani to ask Mayor Young’s help in transforming the racist South African police force in the post-apartheid future. Coleman Young’s experience in disbanding the racist STRESS police unit, and fully integrating the police force in racial and gender composition, would be a model for the new democratic government that would be coming to power in South Africa. The preceding year in 1991, Nelson Mandela was released from prison after 27 years. Mayor Young and Rep. Conyers issued a call to the people of Detroit to march three days later on what was proclaimed Nelson Mandela Day. A few months later, Mandela toured the U.S. and Detroit greeted him with a hero’s welcome. One of the stops was to the Dearborn Ford Rouge Assembly plant where he spoke to 300 UAW members. I was honored to be among the press corps that stood in front of Mandela as he told the gathered autoworkers, “I am your flesh and blood. I am your comrade.” Later that day I would be in the press box at Tiger Stadium covering Mandela’s address before 50,000 people. The visit to Detroit of Tawfiq Zayyad and Felicia Langer was another unforgettable experience. The PDW sponsored a national tour of Zayyad, the Palestinian mayor of Nazareth, and Langer, the famed human rights lawyer who defended Palestinian political prisoners. Both were leading members of the Israeli Communist Party. Detroit and neighboring Dearborn was home to the largest Palestinian diaspora outside of Palestine. I had long been active with the struggle of Palestinians working with Detroit’s Palestine Aid Society and attending programs of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP). Now representing the PDW, I organized a 45-member Host Committee for a public program attended by 400 people in June 1988. My story about the event is worth sharing: Zayyad and Langer received greetings from the Detroit City Council in a testimonial resolution (presented by City Council President Maryann Mahaffey), and from Reps. George Crockett and John Conyers. The program began with a reading of “The Impossible,” a poem Zayyad wrote 30 years ago. It was first read in English by Harold Shapiro, chair of the Detroit Police Commission, and then in Arabic by Hasan Newash of the Palestine Aid Society. The event was chaired by Michele Stone Artt, chair of the 8 Michigan U.S. Peace Council (and daughter of Helen and Carl Winter). The unity message of the event was representative of the Host Committee which included the American Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, the Iraqi Democratic Union, the Committee in Solidarity with the People of Iran, New Jewish Agenda, SANE/Freeze and the Greater Detroit American Soviet Friendship Society. The year before, in 1987, I was part of a 3-person production team that presented a multi-media concert “Detroit Tribute to Paul Robeson and His Work for Peace.” Co-sponsored by the Museum of African- American History and the U.S. Peace Council, the project was principally the genius of composer, pianist and peace activist Bill Meyer. Detroit had been Robeson’s favorite city as the trade unions and the African-American community organized large events where he performed and spoke, bringing home the message of world peace. Detroit was a refuge from the racism, anti-communism and government persecution he endured his whole life. Our tribute to Robeson featured a video presentation of interviews with leading Detroit figures who related their personal experiences with Robeson, including the Mayor Young, Rev. Charles Adams of the Hartford Baptist Church and then head of the Detroit branch of the NAACP, Rep. George Crockett, former City Council President Erma Henderson, and Chris Alston and Dave Moore, who were early organizers of the Detroit Unemployed Council of the 1930s and the UAW union organizing drive at Ford. One cannot recount the story of Paul Robeson in Detroit without highlighting his role in winning the UAW union drive at the Ford Motor Company in 1941. Ford systematically assigned the worst jobs at the Ford plant to Black workers. A key union demand was an end to racial discrimination in job assignment, and a grievance procedure that would protect Black workers and all workers from retaliation. Ford had waged a vicious race baiting campaign against the union, pitting black against white. Forging unity with specific demands that address the concerns of black workers was keenly understood by the UAW organizing committee, many of whom were members of, or influenced by the Communist Party. By 1938, some 200 Communist Party members worked in the Ford Rouge plant, a small but dedicated core, publishing a shop paper, the Ford Dearborn Worker. (Roger Keeran, the Communist Party and the Auto Workers Union, p. 17). These were the workers who were the backbone of the union drive on the shop floor, getting union cards signed and collecting dues despite fears of being fired at the hands of a ruthless Ford security regime. On May 19, 1941, two days before the union vote, the UAW organized a rally at Cadillac Square Park in downtown Detroit. Paul Robeson headlined the event and addressed thousands for the final pre- election campaign. According to an account by Dr. Charles Wright writing in a program honoring Robeson at the Detroit Museum of African American History: “The crowd was brought to full attention with Robeson’s singing of ‘Joe Hill’ and ‘Ballad for Americans.’ He then exhorted the Black workers to reject Henry Ford’s paternalism and stand up and be counted as men by voting for the UAW-CIO. After the rally, he went to the Lincoln plant in Highland Park and the Rouge plant to shake hands and carry the message to those workers who could not attend the rally. “When the final vote was counted, UAW had more than 70% of the votes and the non-vote count was only 4%, the lowest in National Labor Relations Board History. The victory was decisive and the UAW has 9 maintained bargaining rights for the auto workers since that time.” (Paul Robeson in Detroit by Charles H. Wright, MD.) The fight for unity also meant bringing foreign-born workers at the Ford plant to the side of the union. A great number were Polish, and Ford used the language barrier to pit workers against each other and the union. Stan Nowak, who later became a Michigan state senator, was asked to join the Ford organizing committee. Using his Polish language radio program and using his influence with the Polish language newspapers and social clubs, Stan’s work was key to building the unity of the Ford workers. I listened to Stan’s recounting of such stories over the course of my time in Detroit in the Party. They are recounted in his biography, “Two Who Were There,” written by Stan’s wife and fellow activist, Margaret Collingwood Nowak. I also came to know other veterans of the UAW Ford campaign, among them, Dave Moore, Chris Alston, Paul Boatin and Frank Sykes. The four were at the core of the Ford organizing campaign in the 1930s and early 40s. I met up with them at the site of a bloody assault on unemployed workers that took place March 7, 1932 outside the Ford Rouge plant. They recalled for the readers of the PDW, what happened that day, known in history as the Ford Hunger March Massacre. They had organized 1,200 unemployed workers to march on the Ford Rouge plant, located just outside of Detroit. Their demands included jobs, a 7-hour day, medical care, an end to discrimination against Black workers, and the right to organize a union. Ford security agents and Dearborn police opened fire on the marchers and killed four that day, among them Joe York, who was the 19-year old District Organizer of the Young Communist League. Three months later, a fifth marcher died from wounds: Curtis Williams, who was Black and denied burial beside his comrades at the segregated Woodmere Cemetery. These are highlights of the many stories I wrote for the PDW from 1985-1991. The decisions on what stories I covered, how I covered them, and the leaders I interviewed were made through a collective process that connected the paper to the Party in an integral way. The industrial concentration policy in labor was the guiding line of the party through its various organs. I made occasional trips to New York City to meet with national PDW staff and for meetings of the Party’s National Committee of which I was a member. I participated in a 3-week Party school as part of my training where we studied strategy, such as building the left-center coalition, the centrality of the struggle against racism, the inter-connection of class, race and gender, campaigns for peace and disarmament. I would consult with the Labor Department of the Party and attend meetings of Party cadre in auto and steel. In the day to day work In Detroit, I worked closely with Sam Webb, the district organizer of the Party in Michigan who had worked in the trade unions in Maine before working full time for the Party. Sam organized weekly Monday morning meetings of key Party leaders in Detroit to orient my PDW coverage for the week. Besides Sam, Peggy Frankie, Lasker Smith and Carl Winter provided guidance in our discussions. Our thinking was filtered up to PDW national editors who provided input and recommendations on a weekly basis. Other meetings I attended and learned from were Party fractions at national conferences of, for example, the Coalition of Black Trade Unionists, and fraternal organizations such as the Communist Party of Canada which held a meeting of Party cadre at the founding convention of the Canadian Autoworkers Union. 10 The Detroit personalities that I interviewed were key figures in the building of Detroit as a leading African American, working-class urban center. Their contributions built the industrial trade unions, and advanced the struggle for African American equality. They were not necessarily members of the Communist Party but they worked with the Party in pursuit of common goals. I took their willingness to be featured in one-on-one interviews as an expression of appreciation for the Communist Party’s role in those struggles. The Communist Party’s influence and connectedness to the struggles of workers and African Americans has been unmatched in the history of the left. It was the reason for the anti-communist crusade of J. Edgar Hoover and Joe McCarthy in the post-war years that succeeded in decimating Party membership. The constant surveillance, intimidation, job loss, social shunning, imprisonment of leading members took its toll. As noted by Edward Pintzak in his book about Michigan Communists during the Cold War: “In 1949, the Michigan District of the Communist Party had 79 Party clubs – shop, industrial, and community. By the early 1990s there were fewer than a dozen.” (Reds: Racial Justice and Civil Liberties, 1997) The Party struggled to overcome the debilitating impact of the government drive to destroy it throughout the time I was a member in the 1980s. The members of the dozen or so Party clubs in the 1980s were dedicated, seasoned and selfless. Yet, our campaigns, events and paper distributions at plant gates and neighborhoods yielded very few new members. When the Soviet Union collapsed, a bitter internal struggle within the Party culminated in a disastrous national convention in December 1991. The breaking point issue was the attempted coup against Soviet President and Communist Party General Secretary Mikael Gorbachev. Whatever shortcomings Gorbachev had, he was trying to democratize the country with policies to decentralize the economy (Perestroika), and to open up decision making (Glasnost). The Gus Hall-led leadership supported the aborted coup attempt, breaking open a rebellion within the ranks of the U.S. Communist Party. A third of the membership resigned in the months following, myself included. It was a time of intense emotional and political turmoil for all of us in the Party in Michigan. After leaving, I went on to help found the Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism. We hoped to be a unifying force for a new socialist organization. That has not yet materialized. I continue to believe that a communist party of the working class, capable of uniting key social forces of the country is essential if we are to impact the political and ideological challenges of today. Whatever organizational shape this takes, it surely must draw on the historic practice of the Communist Party USA in fighting for a substantive democracy and a socialist future. end